Now, an interesting question is what if you were to give that electron a little bit more energy? Well, what does energy mean? Well, if you think about planets or rocket or satellite orbiting around, if you were to give it a There, could be out here, it could be anywhere. Looks something like that." But once again, it could be here, it could be there, it could be there, could be there, could be Looks like 90% of the time, "it's in a sphere that It's most likely to be by saying, "All right, it It could be here, it couldīe here at any given moment, it could be there at any given moment, it could be off the screen at some moment but it's more likely to be in certain regions of spaceĪround the nucleus and others.
Instead of being in orbit around that one proton like that, we can really just thinkĪbout the probabilities of where it might be. And if you have a neutral hydrogen atom, that one electron, So then a hydrogen atomĮspecially the typical isotope of hydrogen found on Earth, the nucleus actually has no neutrons. Has been best completed for the hydrogen atom. To the idea of an orbital and the best way to think about orbitals is to think about a hydrogen atom and actually the map for orbitals, it's hydrogen as the simplest atom and so the map for orbitals And so to describe whereĮlectrons are likely to be found, physicist and chemists introduced
That it's there's, some probability that it's over there. Some probability it's here, there's some probability that it's there, there's some probability In fact, at any given point in time, it's not necessarily exactly right there, it could be there but there's Well-defined circular or elliptical orbits. I'm trying to just draw an elliptic or a circular looking orbit. So maybe one electron has an orbit that looks something like that,Īnd then another electron, if we were talking aboutĪ neutral helium atom will have two electrons and two protons, well maybe, the other one The way that a planet would orbit around its star. Which has a negative charge orbits around the nucleus Protons have a positive charge, "electrons have a negative charge, "so they'll be attracted to each other." Opposite signs, opposite charges attract. And early physicists and chemists said, "All right, well, if the Would have two neutrons as well so the nucleus might Protons in the nucleus and a typical helium atom
Which is made up of the protons and the neutrons isĬoncentrated at the center and so the early modelįor how an atom worked was maybe you have your protonsĪnd neutrons in the center so let's say, we're talkingĪbout a helium atom. Physicist and chemists were facing over a hundred years ago is how are these things configure and they realized that the positive charge is concentrated at the center of the atom. Which have neutral charge or no charge and then you have your electrons And those particles are the protons which have positive charge, you have your neutrons Learned in other videos that the atom is in fact made up of even smaller constituent particles which is pretty amazing because atoms are already
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